CONJUNCTION AND ITS KINDS


Conjunctions are joiners; a word that connects or conjoins parts of a sentence. There are different kinds of conjunctions which join different kinds of grammatical structures.

There are four (4) kinds of conjunctions in English grammar. I have listed them below:


I. COORDINATING CONJUNCTION

Coordinating conjunctions connect words to words; phrases to phrases; clause to clause. Below are the 7 chief coordinating conjunctions. They are best memorized with the term "FANBOYS."

  • For is for reasoning.

Example: I love Yaya Dub for she is very funny.

  • And is for addition.

Example: She is a natural comedienne and everybody loves her.

  • Nor means "not or".

Example: She is not overreacting nor annoying.

  • But is for contrast.

Example: She never used her own voice in her stint in Eat Bulaga but many people are waiting for her daily appearance on the show.

  • Or is for option/alternative.

Example: She can make the audience love Kalye Serye or hate Lola Nidora.

  • Yet is for concession/exception.

Example: Lola Nidora did all her best to stop Aldub's love for each other yet 'she' never succeeded.

  • So is to show result.

Example: Yaya Dub and Alden looks attracted with each other so I guess, their loveteam could get real.


There are four (4) kinds of coordinating conjunctions:


1. Cumulative or copulative conjunctions merely add one statement to another. Examples are: and, both…and, as well as, not only…but also.

  • The are both beautiful and intelligent.
  • Alden is not only handsome but also very kind.
2. Adversative conjunctions express contrast between two statements. Examples are:but, still, yet, whereas, while, nevertheless etc.
  • I am sleepy but I can't get to bed now because of schoolwork.
  • I have plenty of projects to do yet I haven't finished one.
3. Disjunctive or alternative conjunctions are conjunctions which present two alternatives. Examples are: or, either…or, neither…nor, neither, nor, otherwise, else etc.
  • You must study, or you will fail this semester.
  • Either she has already returned my book or she is just kiding me.
4. Illative conjunctions are used to express something inferred from another statement or fact. Examples are: for and so.
  • I will not listen to you for you are so pessimistic.
  • I have been procrastinating since the first week of the semester, so I think I will fail.
II. CORRELATIVE CONJUNCTIONS

Correlative conjunctions are conjunctions that always travel in pairs, joining various sentence elements that should be treated as grammatically equal. Examples are : not only... but also, both... and, either...or and neither...nor.

  • Not only is she intelligent but also a well-rounded student.
  • Both of them are in the dean's list and they are running for 



III. SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS


Subordinating conjunctions (sometimes called a dependent word or subordinator) comes at the beginning of subordinate (or dependent) clause and establishes the relationship between the dependent clause and the rest of the sentence. It also turns the clause into something that depends on the rest of the sentence for its meaning.


Some of the subordinating conjunctions are below:




Examples:

  • When Irvin came home, Eggsy was sleeping.
  • The dark skies and distant thunder stopped Rye from his afternoon run; whereas, he had 30 math problems to solve for his class.
  • Please finish your homework so that we can now go shopping.



IV. CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS


Conjunctive adverbs are adverbs that function as connecting words or conjunctions. As examples: however, moreover, nevertheless, consequently. They are used to create complex relationships between ideas.

  • He may be your greatest crush, however, you should act timid and decent in front of him.
  • He hadn't seen her for years, but nevertheless, he still have a great admiration for her.

The following are the most frequently used conjunctive adverbs in English grammar:




Take note: If you don't want to sound like a robot when talking, use conjunctions in your sentences. But make sure that you use correct' conjunctions in the proper place. :)


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